The Pivotal Role of Centrifugal Casting in Manufacturing Bronze Bushing Bearings

Bearing Bronze Solutions – Tailored for Efficiency & Strength

Centrifugal Casting Bronze Bushings, Bearings, and Custom Machining

Centrifugal casting of bronze is a pivotal manufacturing technique for producing high-quality cylindrical components that are integral to various industries, notably in the machine tool sector. This method excels in crafting hollow profiles such as tubes, bushings, bearings, and flange bushings, making it a cornerstone of industrial manufacturing.

The Process of Centrifugal Casting

Large size centrifugal cast bronze bearings are essential components in many industrial applications due to their superior mechanical properties, durability, and customization options. The centrifugal casting process ensures high-quality, defect-free products that meet the stringent requirements of various industries. Whether for heavy machinery, power transmission, or specialized applications, these bearings provide reliable and long-lasting performance.

The process commences by pouring molten bronze into a mold that rotates rapidly, typically between 300 to 3000 RPM. This rotation generates centrifugal force, which drives the molten metal against the mold’s inner surfaces, ensuring an even spread. The outcome is a casting that boasts exceptional density and uniformity, thus providing excellent structural integrity. This method proves especially beneficial for manufacturing large components like pipes and cylinder liners prevalent in machine tools.

Advantages of Centrifugal Casting for Bronze Components

Superior Product Quality: The rapid cooling effect, a byproduct of the mold’s rotation, fosters a finer grain structure in the bronze, thus enhancing the material’s strength and durability. Furthermore, the centrifugal force aids in expelling impurities and gases, creating a more homogenous and denser casting.

Subsequent Machining Processes: Post-casting, the bronze components typically undergo further machining to refine dimensions and improve surface finishes:

Turning: This is crucial for achieving precise cylindrical shapes, particularly for adjusting the inner diameters of tubes or bushings to exact specifications.

Milling: A versatile technique used to produce various features such as flat surfaces, contours, and slots on the bronze castings, essential for complex machine tool components.

We offer centrifugal casting of bronze, along with turning and milling services, to meet your manufacturing needs in the machine tool industry. Our expertise spans service, application, and sales. Our mission is to deliver comprehensive one-stop solutions for repair and reverse engineering services. We are committed to providing quality and timely service to ensure our customers’ long-term profitability.

CAST BRONZE1
bronze lube bushings
Tin Bronze

Bronze Bushings are available in different alloys and compositions.

Tin Bronze Alloys: Known for their strength. (e.g., RG7， C90300, C90500)

CAST BRONZE2
centrifugal cast bronze self-lubricating bushing bearings
Leaded Bronzes
Leaded Tin Bronze Alloys: Valued for antifriction and machinability properties. (e.g., C93200, C93400)
CAST BRONZE4
bronze graphite bushings, centrifugal cast bronze self-lubricating bearings
High Leaded Tin Bronze alloys
High Leaded Tin Bronze Alloys: Enhanced lubrication and machinability. (e.g., C93800, C94300)
CAST BRONZE3
centrifugal cast bronze self-lubricating bearings
Aluminum Bronze Alloys
Aluminum Bronze Alloys: High strength and excellent corrosion resistance. (e.g., C95400, C95500)
6 2
centrifugal cast bronze self-lubricating bushing bearings
Special Bronze Alloys
Manganese Bronze Alloys: High strength and good corrosion resistance, (e.g., C86300, C86500)

Type Of Bearing

Bearing Bushing Bronze， Instant Pricing & Lead Times，Custom CNC Machining

Centrifugal Cast bronze tubes are available in tin leaded bronze, aluminum bronze, manganese bronze, bronze bushing, alloys and gunmetal.

Custom design, simple or complex. Get a quote. Learn more now.

ASTM Bushings Bronze And Bearings

Bearing bronze alloys according to ASTM B505, ASTM B271 & ASTM B22

EN 1982 Bronze

Bearing bronze alloys according to EN 1982 standard

oilless bush catalogue pdf

Integrated Manufacturing Solutions for the Machine Tool Industry

The combination of centrifugal casting with subsequent turning and milling operations forms a comprehensive manufacturing solution for the machine tool industry. This integrated approach facilitates:

  • The production of robust, uniform bronze components.
  • Precise control over dimensions and surface quality.
  • The ability to engineer complex geometries and features.
  • An efficient manufacturing process that minimizes material waste.

Large size centrifugal cast bronze bearings are used in various industries due to their robustness and reliability.

 

Centrifugally Cast Bronze Bushing, Large Size Centrifugal Castings for Bronze Bearings

We are particularly valuable for companies offering one-stop solutions for both repair and reverse engineering services in the machine tool sector, enabling the production of high-quality replacement parts and the enhancement of existing components.

Centrifugal casting is a highly effective process for producing large size bronze bearings, offering numerous advantages in terms of quality, durability, and customization.

Bushing Bronze Design
Bushing Bronze Bearing

Large Centrifugal Castings

We specialize in creating large centrifugal castings bronze bushing size , custom centrifugal castings that provide exceptional accuracy and a superior surface finish, catering to a wide range of markets. Contact us to discover more about our offerings!

As always, feel free to contact us at any time to speak with one of our experienced Sales Engineers who can address all your questions and concerns.

 

Custom Parts Services and Prototyping！

Special Bronze Alloys And Aluminium Bronze Bearing， Search Our Material Alloy

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Copper & Bronze Centrifugal Casting

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Oversized Bronze Bearing， Bronze Alloy Selection

Sand, Centrifugal, and Continuous Bronze Alloy Casting： The below Bronze Alloy Selection chart showcases our most popular cast bronze alloys, enabling you to compare their chemical and mechanical properties. It also indicates the machinability of each alloy. Additionally, the chart informs you which alloys are readily available in stock at National Bronze Manufacturing, helping you make more informed design decisions for your project.

ASTM Bronzes parts

Bronzes that comply with the ASTM B505 and B271 standard
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EN 1982 Bronze Bearing

Range of bronze bearing from the European Standard EN 1982.
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Components Available:

Centrifugal Casting Process: Molten bronze, tailored to meet specific customer requirements, is transferred from a furnace into a ladle. This metal is subsequently poured into a rotating mold, where the size of the mold dictates the casting’s outer diameter, and the volume of bronze poured sets the inner diameter. Once solidified, the casting is extracted from the mold, prepared for production, and then undergoes machining and quality assurance tests. Centrifugal castings are manufactured in compliance with ASTM B271 standards or according to specific customer specifications.

ALLOY SELECTION CHART
– Cast Bronze Alloys
Leaded Tin Bronze

Alloys

 Cross Index Chemical Composition Minimum Requirments Machinability
CDA SAE AMS Cu Sn Pb Zn Tensile
(PSI)		 Yield
(PSI)		 %
Elongation		 BHN @
500 kg
C83600 40 4855 85 5 5 5 36000 19000 15 60 84
C84400 81 3 7 9 30000 15000 16 55 90
C93200 * 660 83 7 7 3 35000 20000 10 65 70
C93400 84 8 8 34000 20000 8 60 70
C93500 66 85 5 9 2 30000 16000 12 60 70
C93600 80 7 12 1 33000 20000 10 60 80
C93700 64 4842 80 10 10 35000 20000 6 80 80
Tin Bronze

Alloys

 High Loads – Low Speeds Cross Index Chemical Composition Minimum Requirments Machinability
CDA SAE AMS Cu Sn Pb Zn Ni Tensile
(PSI)		 Yield
(PSI)		 %
Elongation		 BHN @
500 kg
C90300 * 620 88 8 4 44000 22000 18 70 30
C90500 * 62 4845 88 10 2 44000 25000 10 75 30
C90700 * 65 89 11 40000 25000 10 80 20
C92200 622 88 6 1.5 4.5 38000 19000 18 65 42
C92300 621 87 8 1 4 40000 19000 16 70 42
C92500 640 87 11 1 0.5 1 40000 24000 10 80 30
C92700 63 88 10 2 38000 20000 8 77 45
Manganese

Bronze

 Extreme Loads – Low Speeds Cross Index Chemical Composition Minimum Requirments Machinability
CDA SAE AMS Cu Zn Al Fe Mn Tensile
(PSI)		 Yield
(PSI)		 %
Elongation		 BHN @
500 kg
C86200 430A 4862B 64 26 4 3 3 90000 45000 18 180 30
C86300 * 430B 63 25 6 3 3 110000 62000 14 225 8
C86500 43 4860A 58 40 1 1 1 70000 25000 25 130 26
Extreme Loads –  Low Speeds (Corrosive Environments) Cross Index Chemical Composition Minimum Requirments Machinability
CDA SAE AMS Cu Al Fe Ni Mn Tensile
(PSI)		 Yield
(PSI)		 %
Elongation		 BHN @
500 kg
C95200 68A 86 9 3 68000 26000 20 125 20
C95300 68B 86 10 1 70000 26000 25 140 55
C95300-HT 80000 40000 12 174 50
C95400 * 4870 83 11 4 85000 32000 12 170 60
C95400-HT 95000 45000 10 195 50
C95500 78 11 4 4 3.5 95000 42000 10 195 50
C95500-HT 110000 62000 8 230 40
C95900 * 82 13 4 1 80000 40000 1 255
C95510-HT * 4880 78 10 3 5 1.5 105000 62500 9 225 50
C63000 * 4640 78 10 3 5 1.5 90000 45000 6 225 30
      * Standard Stocked Alloy

Materials and Alloys

Different bronze alloys are used in centrifugal casting to achieve desired properties. Common alloys include:

  • C93200 (SAE 660): Known for its excellent wear resistance and good load-carrying capacity.
  • C95400 (Aluminum Bronze): Offers high strength and excellent corrosion resistance.
  • C86300 (Manganese Bronze): Suitable for high-load applications and provides good wear resistance.

Maintenance Free, Bearing Bushings Bronze Components

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QAL9-4 brass bushings
Special Bronze Alloys， Manufacture of Bronze Parts

Composition and Properties of Tin Bronzes

Tin Content: Tin is the key component in tin bronzes, typically comprising 8-12.5% of the alloy. Its presence notably enhances the strength and hardness of the alloy compared to pure copper.

Copper Base: Copper constitutes approximately 87% of the alloy, providing excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance, which are advantageous for numerous applications.

Additional Elements:

  • Lead: Integrated to enhance anti-friction properties, making the alloy particularly suitable for bearings and other applications where friction reduction is crucial.
  • Zinc: Increases the strength and wear resistance of the alloy.
  • Phosphorus: Boosts machinability and can also strengthen the alloy.

Applications of Tin Bronzes in Bearings

Tin bronzes are highly valued in bearing applications due to their robust combination of strength, wear resistance, and favorable frictional properties. Specific applications include:

  • Plain Bearings: Often utilized in devices that mitigate friction between moving parts.
  • Bushing and Sleeve Bearings: Employed where a smooth surface is necessary to minimize friction and wear.
  • Gear Components: The strength and durability of tin bronzes are ideal for gears subjected to heavy loads, ensuring reliable operation over extended periods.
  • Pump Bodies and Structural Parts: Useful in components exposed to high loads and corrosive environments.

Standards and Specifications

Tin bronzes are manufactured in accordance with various international standards, such as the EN 1982 standard. Examples of tin bronze alloys conforming to this standard include:

  • CuSn5Zn5Pb5 (CC491K): Known for its high durability and tensile strength, this alloy is ideal for heavily loaded machine parts and high-speed machine friction components.
  • EN 1982 CC491K, CuSn5ZnPb5-C: Also referred to as red metal, this alloy is favored for applications requiring excellent bearing properties and wear resistance.
  • CuAl10Fe5Ni5 (CC333G): Although not a traditional tin bronze, this alloy is recognized under the EN 1982 standard and is suitable for parts operating under extreme load and tension, thanks to its superior corrosion resistance.

In conclusion, tin bronzes offer a versatile range of properties making them excellent for bearing applications. Their well-defined composition and compliance with international standards like EN 1982 enable them to meet the diverse demands of various industrial uses where high strength, wear resistance, and effective friction management are essential.

Composition of Leaded Bronzes

Leaded bronzes are primarily composed of copper, tin, and lead. Typically, the lead content ranges from 4 to 10%, enhancing the alloy’s lubricity under dry or boundary lubrication conditions. Tin, which usually constitutes 8 to 12% of the alloy, bolsters the strength and hardness of the bronze.

Properties of Leaded Bronzes

  • Self-Lubrication: Lead imparts a smooth, low-friction surface to the alloy, enabling operation with minimal external lubrication.
  • Improved Wear Resistance: These bronzes are noted for their robust wear resistance, essential for the durability of bearings and other mechanical components.
  • High Strength and Fatigue Resistance: The synergy of copper and tin endows the alloy with considerable strength and fatigue resistance, suitable for enduring heavy loads and repetitive stress cycles.
  • Corrosion Resistance: Leaded bronzes also demonstrate commendable resistance to corrosion, making them apt for harsh environmental conditions.

Applications of Leaded Bronze Bearings

  • Heavy Machinery Bearings: The self-lubricating properties of leaded bronzes make them ideal for bearings in heavy machinery such as industrial pumps, compressors, and gears.
  • Automotive and Transportation: These bearings are utilized in various automotive applications, including wheel bearings, valve lifters, and suspension components.
  • Marine and Offshore Equipment: Their corrosion resistance makes leaded bronzes suitable for marine and offshore applications, where they face exposure to saltwater and other corrosive elements.
  • Industrial Machinery: Leaded bronze bearings find extensive use in industrial machinery across sectors such as textiles, printing, and food processing, where consistent performance is crucial.

Environmental Considerations and Alternatives

The environmental and health impacts of lead have led to scrutiny over its use in bronze alloys. With lead recognized as a toxic substance, efforts are increasing to phase it out or restrict its use. This has spurred interest in developing alternatives such as bismuth bronze, which offers similar self-lubricating properties without lead. Additionally, alloys based on aluminum and zinc are being explored as potential substitutes for leaded bronzes.

Composition and Properties of CuSn7Zn4Pb7

Composition:

  • Copper (Cu): As the foundational metal, copper comprises the majority of CuSn7Zn4Pb7, offering excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance which underpins the alloy’s performance.
  • Tin (Sn): Tin, making up about 7% of the alloy, enhances its strength and hardness, which are critical for the alloy’s durability and resistance to wear.
  • Zinc (Zn): The inclusion of zinc not only improves the alloy’s casting characteristics but also augments its strength.
  • Lead (Pb): At approximately 4%, lead boosts the alloy’s machinability and imparts superior bearing qualities, such as self-lubrication under certain operational conditions.

Performance Characteristics:

  • High Strength and Hardness: The synergy of copper, tin, and lead provides substantial strength and hardness, crucial for enduring heavy loads in bearing applications.
  • Wear Resistance: CuSn7Zn4Pb7 is noted for its exceptional wear resistance, ideal for plain bearings subjected to consistent friction and movement.
  • Self-Lubricating Properties: Lead content facilitates self-lubrication, reducing reliance on external lubricants and enhancing performance in dry or boundary lubrication scenarios.
  • Corrosion Resistance: This alloy boasts significant resistance to various forms of corrosion, making it suitable for harsh environments.

Applications in Heavy-Duty Environments:

  • Industrial Machinery: Due to its robustness and wear resistance, the alloy excels in heavy machinery such as pumps, compressors, and gears, ensuring dependable operation.
  • Automotive Industry: Utilized in components like wheel bearings and transmission parts, CuSn7Zn4Pb7 supports high durability and load-bearing demands.
  • Marine and Offshore Equipment: Its corrosion resistance proves invaluable in marine settings, safeguarding equipment against the rigors of saltwater and extreme conditions.
  • Renewable Energy: The alloy’s properties make it apt for renewable energy technologies, such as wind turbines and solar panels, where long-term reliability is essential.

Conclusion: CuSn7Zn4Pb7, a leaded tin bronze, is excellently suited for plain bearings in demanding applications. Its blend of strength, wear resistance, self-lubrication, and corrosion resistance renders it an optimal material for environments where high performance and longevity are critical.

While leaded bronzes are effective bearing materials known for their self-lubrication, wear resistance, and strength, the industry is actively pursuing alternative materials. These alternatives aim to replicate the performance benefits of leaded bronzes without the environmental and health risks associated with lead.

Composition of Aluminum Bronzes

Aluminum bronzes are distinguished by their high aluminum content, which typically ranges from 6% to 12%. The base of the alloy is predominantly copper, which enhances the overall properties of the alloy. To improve performance, small quantities of other elements such as iron, nickel, or manganese may be included.

Properties of Aluminum Bronzes

  • High Strength and Hardness: Aluminum bronzes are noted for their robust strength and hardness, making them ideal for bearing materials that need to endure heavy loads and abrasive conditions.
  • Corrosion Resistance: These alloys excel in corrosion resistance, particularly in marine environments where they are exposed to saltwater and other corrosive agents.
  • Wear Resistance: The inherent hardness and composition of aluminum bronzes enhance their wear resistance, essential for bearings and components subjected to friction.
  • Machinability: Aluminum bronzes are often highly machinable, facilitating the fabrication of complex parts with precision.
  • Thermal Conductivity: These alloys also possess good thermal conductivity, advantageous in applications requiring effective heat dissipation.

Applications of Aluminum Bronze Bearings

  • Marine Equipment: Their corrosion resistance makes aluminum bronze bearings suitable for marine use, such as in propellers, shafts, and other subsea components.
  • Industrial Machinery: Given their strength and wear resistance, these bronzes are preferred in industrial machinery for gears, bushings, and bearings under heavy loads.
  • Aerospace Components: Aluminum bronzes are valued in aerospace for components like bushings and bearings, where high strength and fatigue resistance are crucial.
  • Automotive Industry: These bearings are employed in various automotive applications, including wheel bearings, benefiting from their self-lubricating properties and resistance to wear.
  • Electronics and Electrical Equipment: The thermal conductivity of aluminum bronzes is beneficial in the electronics and electrical sectors, aiding in heat dissipation for optimal functioning.

Popular Aluminum Bronze Alloys

  • C954 Aluminum Bronze: Known for its excellent tensile and yield strength, ductility, weldability, and machinability, C954 is widely used where strength and corrosion resistance are required.
  • C95500 Aluminum Bronze: This alloy offers properties similar to C954 but with a slightly higher aluminum content, enhancing its corrosion resistance and strength.
  • C95200 Aluminum Bronze: Renowned for its superior bearing properties, C95200 is frequently chosen for applications demanding high load capacity and wear resistance.

In summary, aluminum bronzes are a versatile class of bearing bronzes that excel in strength, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance, making them suitable for a broad spectrum of applications, from marine and industrial machinery to aerospace and automotive industries. The reliability and performance of these alloys in demanding conditions contribute to their widespread popularity.

High Tensile Brasses: Composition and Applications

Overview High Tensile Brasses, also known as Manganese Bronze or High Strength Brass, are specialized copper alloys designed for enhanced mechanical properties, especially tensile strength. These alloys are vital in applications requiring high strength and durability, such as in the manufacturing of bearing components.

Composition The primary components of High Tensile Brasses are copper and zinc. Manganese is the critical alloying element that sets these brasses apart from standard brass alloys, as it significantly boosts the alloy’s strength. Additional elements like aluminum, iron, nickel, and silicon may be incorporated to further improve various characteristics of the alloy.

Properties

  • High Tensile Strength: The inclusion of manganese and other elements markedly increases these brasses’ tensile strength beyond that of standard brass alloys.
  • Good Fatigue Resistance: These alloys exhibit enhanced fatigue resistance, making them suitable for applications involving cyclic loading.
  • Corrosion Resistance: High Tensile Brasses offer robust corrosion resistance, particularly in marine and other corrosive environments.
  • Wear Resistance: The inherent strength and hardness also enhance their wear resistance, crucial in bearing applications.
  • Machinability: Despite their hardness, High Tensile Brasses are machinable, allowing for the precise fabrication of complex parts.

Applications

  • Bearings and Bushings: Ideal for bearings and bushings, these alloys can handle heavy loads and demanding operational conditions due to their strength and wear resistance.
  • Marine Components: Their corrosion resistance makes them suitable for marine applications, including propeller shafts and bearings exposed to saltwater.
  • Heavy Machinery: Utilized in construction equipment, agricultural machinery, and industrial pumps, where components face high loads and stress.
  • Automotive Industry: Found in various automotive components such as valve stems, wear rings, and bearings designed for heavy loads.
  • Structural Components: Employed in structural components that demand high strength and fatigue resistance, such as bridges and infrastructure projects.

Popular High Tensile Brass Alloys

  • CZ114/CW721R: Known for its versatility, this high-strength brass alloy is both hot workable and machinable, often used for its excellent mechanical properties.
  • C95200: A specific high-tensile brass that balances strength, corrosion resistance, and machinability.
  • ToughMet Spinodal: A high-entropy alloy that includes high tensile brasses and bronzes, providing unique property combinations for specialized applications.

Summary High Tensile Brasses are essential copper alloys that deliver superior mechanical properties, particularly in tensile strength. Their robustness, combined with excellent corrosion and wear resistance, makes them highly sought after for a wide array of industrial and engineering applications.

Lubrication bearing Bronze, Bushing Bronze
Specialize in large size centrifugal cast bronze bearings, offering a range of services from casting to CNC machining: